The ongoing debate regarding the definition of Neolithic in Africa requires a better understanding of the settlement patterns associated with the emergence of farming on the continent. Based on a synthesis of archaeological data from multiple years of surveys and excavations, this book provides a reference sequence for the Late Holocene of Dogon Country (Mali) between 2500 and 500 BC. Being part of a multidisciplinary research, this work was realized with the aim to provide a chrono-cultural framework for the late prehistory of the region, but also to address the interactions between nature and societies during a period marked by major economic and technical transitions. By deciphering the variations of the Dogon Country sequence through a window on the scale of West Africa, Sylvain Ozainne proposes a scenario for the peopling of the Sahelo-Sudanian zone during the emergence of food production and brings new elements to the discussion on the African Neolithic.